Biological Sciences

BIO 100 Applied Cells, Genetics & Physiology 3.0 Credits

This course is designed to provide a topical and interactive introduction to biology for non-majors. Students will learn how trillions of tiny cells of our bodies work together in organ systems to use food for energy, to keep us alive, moving and healthy, and how information passes to subsequent generations. This course is identical to BIO 107.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit
Restrictions: Cannot enroll if major is BIO

BIO 101 Applied Biological Diversity, Ecology & Evolution 3.0 Credits

An interactive course for the non-major that discusses the variety of living things and how we ended up with them and what makes them unique. This course also explores how living things affect each other and the world as well as the impacts that humans have on the living world. This course is identical to BIO 109.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit
Restrictions: Cannot enroll if major is BIO

BIO 107 Cells, Genetics & Physiology 3.0 Credits

This course is designed to provide a topical and interactive introduction to biology for non-majors. Students will learn how trillions of tiny cells of our bodies work together in organ systems to use food for energy, to keep us alive, moving and healthy, and how information passes to subsequent generations. This course is identical to BIO 100.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit
Restrictions: Cannot enroll if major is BIO

BIO 108 Cells, Genetics and Physiology Laboratory 1.0 Credit

This course is designed to be a companion course to the BIO 107 lecture. Labs are focused on providing students with a hands-on approach to science. Topics include how cells generate energy from food, how certain characteristics are genetically encoded and the physiology of human systems and diseases.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit
Restrictions: Cannot enroll if major is BIO

BIO 109 Biological Diversity, Ecology & Evolution 3.0 Credits

An interactive course for the non-major that discusses the variety of living things and how we ended up with them and what makes them unique. This course also explores how living things affect each other and the world as well as the impacts that humans have on the living world. This course is identical to BIO 101.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit
Restrictions: Cannot enroll if major is BIO

BIO 110 Biological Diversity, Ecology and Evolution Laboratory 1.0 Credit

A companion course to BIO 109 that provides a hands on exploration of the diversity of life including microbes, plants and animals as well as the processes that give rise to this diversity. The labs also provide practical exploration of the impacts of human beings on the planet.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit
Restrictions: Cannot enroll if major is BIO

BIO 116 How Your Body Works-Or Not 3.0 Credits

How Your body Works-or Not is geared for non-major students hoping to explore the workings of their bodies. Students will explore why we evolved to have various organ systems, and how some systems accomplish their roles. We will explore how these systems can malfunction or fail, resulting in disease.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit
Restrictions: Cannot enroll if major is BIO or major is BME or major is CHEM or major is ENVS or major is HSCI

BIO 118 Basics of Cancer 3.0 Credits

This course provides an opportunity for students with little or no biology background to learn about cancer. Students can expect to learn what cancer is from a biological perspective, and how it is caused and treated. Students will also gain a basic understanding of how tumors form, and metastasize.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit
Restrictions: Cannot enroll if major is BIO or major is BME

BIO 122 Cells and Genetics 4.5 Credits

An introduction to the concepts of cell and function, cell and reproduction, cell communication, genetic inheritance, and population genetics. The relevance of genetics to society and ethical issues are included.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit

BIO 124 Evolution & Organismal Diversity 4.5 Credits

Students will learn about the theory of evolution and the mechanisms of how organisms change. Using this knowledge, students will explore the diversity of organisms on Earth that is a hallmark of biology and the result of evolution by examining the representative members from the five major kingdoms of life.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit

BIO 126 Physiology and Ecology 4.5 Credits

The first half of the course will survey physiological systems, including the respiratory, circulatory, homeostatic, excretory, and digestive systems in animals. The second half of the course will emphasize the relationships between organisms and the environment, including how humans impact ecosystems and the biosphere.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit

BIO 141 Essential Biology 4.5 Credits

Introduces essential biological concepts to engineering students. Content covers five core topics: cells, genetics, evolution, ecology and physiology with application to societal concerns about biotechnology, health, conservation biodiversity and bioethics. Evolution will be woven throughout the course as a unifying theme in understanding all aspects of biology.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit
Restrictions: Cannot enroll if major is CS
Prerequisites: CHEM 102 [Min Grade: D]

BIO 153 Anatomy and Physiology I 4.0 Credits

Introduction to the basics of human anatomy and physiology with an emphasis on topics of special interest to those in clinical curricula. Topics covered include organization of the body, chemical basis for life, cellular physiology, tissue types, skin as an organ system, skeletal and muscular systems.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit
Prerequisites: (BIO 121 [Min Grade: D] or BIO 115 [Min Grade: D]) and CHEM 101 [Min Grade: D]

BIO 154 Anatomy and Physiology II 4.0 Credits

Introduction to the basics of human anatomy and physiology with an emphasis on topics of special interest to those in clinical curricula. Systems covered included blood/lymph, Immune, stress, GI tract, respiratory and cardiovascular systems.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit
Prerequisites: BIO 153 [Min Grade: D]

BIO 155 Anatomy and Physiology III 4.0 Credits

Introduction to the basics of human anatomy and physiology with an emphasis on topics of special interest to those in clinical curricula. Systems to be covered include urinary anatomy and physiology, central, peripheral and autonomic nervous systems, special senses, endocrinology, reproduction, development and heredity.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit
Prerequisites: BIO 154 [Min Grade: D]

BIO 161 General Biology I 3.0 Credits

Covers structure and function of the cell and the organ-system plan of organization of the human body. Fall.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit
Restrictions: Cannot enroll if classification is Freshman

BIO 162 General Biology II 3.0 Credits

Continues BIO 161. Covers the mechanics of heredity, including growth, differentiation, and development. Winter.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit
Restrictions: Cannot enroll if classification is Freshman
Prerequisites: BIO 161 [Min Grade: D]

BIO 163 General Biology III 3.0 Credits

Continues BIO 162. Covers the plant and animal kingdoms, radiobiology, evolution, and ecology. Spring.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit
Restrictions: Cannot enroll if classification is Freshman
Prerequisites: BIO 162 [Min Grade: D]

BIO 164 General Biology Laboratory I 1.0 Credit

In this course students will perform computer simulations of laboratory exercises related to photosynthesis, enzyme activity and kinetics, the cardiovascular, muscle and bone systems, regulation of human organ systems as well as plant growth and development.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit

BIO 165 General Biology Laboratory II 1.0 Credit

In this course students will perform computer simulations of laboratory exercises related to cell division, mendelian genetics, DNA replication, translation and mutations. They will work with simulated microscopes to observe viral and microbial specimens. Additionally, students will learn and simulate biotechnology techniques such as DNA fingerprinting.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit
Prerequisites: BIO 161 [Min Grade: D]

BIO 166 General Biology Laboratory III 1.0 Credit

Involves experiments demonstrating the key principles in ecology and evolution including: population parameters, food webs, species interactions, succession, eutriphication, natural selection, sexual selection and evolutionary trees.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit
Prerequisites: BIO 162 [Min Grade: D]

BIO 201 Human Physiology I 4.0 Credits

Intensive survey of the basic physiological mechanisms of cellular and human electrophysiology and the physiology of the muscular, cardiovascular, respiratory, renal, and gastrointestinal systems.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit
Prerequisites: BIO 141 [Min Grade: D] or BIO 122 [Min Grade: D]

BIO 202 Human Physiology Laboratory 2.0 Credits

Laboratory course in human physiology. Designed to accompany BIO 201 and 203 Human Physiology I and II. Uses simulation, experimenters and data acquisition techniques to provide practical experience in the design and execution of physiological experiments and analysis of physiological data. Some or all pre-requisites may be taken as either a pre-requisite or co-requisite. Please see the department for more information.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit
Prerequisites: BIO 201 [Min Grade: D] (Can be taken Concurrently)

BIO 203 Human Physiology II 4.0 Credits

Intensive survey of the control mechanisms of cellular and human physiology including introductions to control theory, neurophysiology, endocrine control, and control mechanisms in locomotion, cardiovascular, respiratory, renal, acid/base, gastrointestinal, and reproductive physiology.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit
Prerequisites: BIO 201 [Min Grade: D]

BIO 212 Biotechnology 3.0 Credits

Covers the use of recombinant DNA techniques in biotechnology. Explores the many uses of biotechnology in the biological, agricultural and medical field. Also covers the social, ethical and environmental issues involved in this discipline.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit
Prerequisites: BIO 100 [Min Grade: D] or BIO 101 [Min Grade: D] or BIO 107 [Min Grade: D] or BIO 109 [Min Grade: D] or BIO 122 [Min Grade: D] or BIO 141 [Min Grade: D]

BIO 214 Principles of Cell Biology 3.0 Credits

The course familiarizes students with the basic fundamentals and principles of cell biology. Topics include protein and enzymes as metabolic facilitators, the source and function of cellular energy, cell structure and function, cellular protein transport, cell communication, cell cycle control, apoptosis, and cell differentiation.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit
Prerequisites: BIO 104 [Min Grade: D] or BIO 122 [Min Grade: D] or BIO 141 [Min Grade: D]

BIO 215 [WI] Techniques in Cell Biology 2.5 Credits

A course designed to introduce students to the lad techniques used by cell biologists. Microscopy is used for cell structure and their organelles, phagocytosis, cytoskeletal structure, muscle contraction and cell motility. Other topics include fractional by centrifugation, protein separation and quantification, and gel electrophoresis. This is a writing intensive course.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit
Prerequisites: BIO 104 [Min Grade: D] or BIO 122 [Min Grade: D] or TDEC 122 [Min Grade: D] or BIO 117 [Min Grade: D] or BIO 141 [Min Grade: D]

BIO 217 Evolution 4.0 Credits

Aspects of the fact of evolution are discussed in class, including early evolutionary thought, pivotal moments in the history of life, and evidences for evolution from fossils, genetics, and living organisms. Key concepts include natural selection, speciation, adaptation, vicariance, inclusive fitness, and evodevo. Non-scientific arguments pertaining to evolution are refuted.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit

BIO 218 Principles of Molecular Biology 4.0 Credits

The course is designed to familiarize students with the details and concepts revolving around molecular biology's "central dogma." Specifically the chemical nature of DNA and RNA, the molecular structure of DNA and chromosomes, the definition of a gene, how DNA is replicated, and how genes are expresses and regulated.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit
Prerequisites: BIO 122 [Min Grade: D] or BIO 141 [Min Grade: D]

BIO 219 [WI] Techniques in Molecular Biology 2.5 Credits

Designed to familiarize student with laboratory techniques utilized in molecular biology, specifically DNA isolation, characterization, and manipulation. Students work in teams to collect and analyze data and explain results in laboratory reports. Weekly recitations preview and review theory and techniques used in the lab. Some or all pre-requisites may be taken as either a pre-requisite or co-requisite. Please see the department for more information. This is a writing intensive course.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit
Prerequisites: BIO 122 [Min Grade: D] (Can be taken Concurrently)

BIO 220 Essential Microbiology 3.0 Credits

Covers morphological, physiological, and biochemical characteristics of bacteria, fungi, algae, and protozoa, and viruses. Introduces the principles of microbial genetics, disease, and control of microorganisms. This course is identical to BIO 221.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit
Restrictions: Cannot enroll if major is BIO
Prerequisites: BIO 122 [Min Grade: D] or BIO 141 [Min Grade: D]

BIO 221 Microbiology 3.0 Credits

Covers morphological, physiological, and biochemical characteristics of bacteria, fungi, algae, protozoa, and viruses. Introduces the principles of microbial genetics, disease, and control of microorganisms.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit
Prerequisites: BIO 122 [Min Grade: D] or BIO 141 [Min Grade: D]

BIO 222 Microbiology Laboratory 2.0 Credits

An introduction to microbiological techniques, and culture of prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms. Includes sterile techniques, and use of specialized microscopic techniques. Classical and molecular techniques of microbial identification are also covered.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit
Prerequisites: BIO 122 [Min Grade: D] or BIO 141 [Min Grade: D]

BIO 223 Parasitology 3.0 Credits

Parasitology explores the most predominant lifestyle on earth, parasitism. Students will learn how parasites invade and exploit their hosts, the resultant damage to the hosts, and the mechanisms by which hosts defend and protect themselves from these invaders.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit
Restrictions: Cannot enroll if classification is Freshman
Prerequisites: BIO 122 [Min Grade: D] or BIO 124 [Min Grade: D]

BIO 224 Form, Function & Evolution of Vertebrates 4.0 Credits

This course is an introduction to principles of organismal biology from the perspective of form, function and evolution of fish, amphibians, reptiles, mammals and birds. Many biological principles are well known in this group of animals. Data from areas as diverse as paleontology, ecology and molecular biology will be presented.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit
Prerequisites: BIO 121 [Min Grade: D] or BIO 122 [Min Grade: D] or BIO 124 [Min Grade: D] or BIO 126 [Min Grade: D]

BIO 225 Vertebrate Biology and Evolution Laboratory 2.0 Credits

A hands-on laboratory course that complements BIO 224: Form, Function & Evolution of Vertebrates. Students use the comparative approach to learn about the anatomy, physiology and evolution of vertebrates. Laboratory work will be on campus and in the field trips to observe vertebrates in nature.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit
Prerequisites: BIO 224 [Min Grade: D] (Can be taken Concurrently)

BIO 226 Microbiology for Health Professionals 5.0 Credits

An introduction to microbiology for students in the health professions. Covers the diversity of microorganisms, their growth and how to control them. An introduction to the principles of disease and pathogenicity, host interaction and immunological response. Laboratories focus on the basic techniques to culture and student microorganisms.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit

BIO 227 Exploring Parasites 2.0 Credits

Exploring Parasites Laboratory will safely introduce students to hands-on experiences with a vast diversity of human parasites to understand their evolutionary adaptations. Students will learn to culture Giardia lamblia, an enteric parasite, and design a term-long research project to study an aspect of Giardia biology of student interest.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit
Restrictions: Cannot enroll if classification is Freshman
Prerequisites: BIO 223 [Min Grade: C] (Can be taken Concurrently)

BIO 231 Cell Physiology 3.0 Credits

Molecular biology of the cell, including regulation of function, genetic mechanisms, chemistry and structure of cellular components, and cell-to-cell interactions.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit
Restrictions: Cannot enroll if classification is Freshman
Prerequisites: BIO 214 [Min Grade: D]

BIO 244 Genetics I 3.0 Credits

Surveys Mendelian, microbial, molecular, and population genetics. Discusses model systems and analytical methods used by geneticists to understand gene functions at cellular, organismal, and population levels.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit
Restrictions: Cannot enroll if classification is Freshman
Prerequisites: BIO 122 [Min Grade: D]

BIO 254 Invertebrate Morphology and Physiology 3.0 Credits

Provides comparative study of the major invertebrate groups, relationships between physiology and organismal structure, phylogenetic relationships and classification, development, and life histories.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit
Restrictions: Cannot enroll if classification is Freshman
Prerequisites: BIO 100 [Min Grade: D] or BIO 101 [Min Grade: D] or BIO 107 [Min Grade: D] or BIO 109 [Min Grade: D] or BIO 123 [Min Grade: D] or BIO 124 [Min Grade: D]

BIO 255 Invertebrate Morphology and Physiology Laboratory 2.0 Credits

This laboratory course provides a comparative study of the morphology of representative species from the major invertebrate groups. How their structural features relate to their physiology and behavior is emphasized. Identification of species, examining phylogenetic relationships, and understanding life histories will relate organisms to their ecological roles. Some or all pre-requisites may be taken as either a pre-requisite or co-requisite. Please see the department for more information.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit
Restrictions: Cannot enroll if classification is Freshman
Prerequisites: BIO 100 [Min Grade: D] or BIO 101 [Min Grade: D] or BIO 107 [Min Grade: D] or BIO 109 [Min Grade: D] or BIO 123 [Min Grade: D] or BIO 124 [Min Grade: D]

BIO 256 Vertebrate Morphology and Physiology 5.0 Credits

Provides comparative study of the major vertebrate groups, relationships between physiology and organismal structure, evolutionary history, comparative anatomy, and development.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit
Restrictions: Cannot enroll if classification is Freshman
Prerequisites: BIO 224 [Min Grade: D]

BIO 260 Plant Biology I 4.0 Credits

This course provides an understanding of phylogenetic relationships among plant families. Students see the practical results of evolution by examining and comparing the properties of existing plant families.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit
Restrictions: Cannot enroll if classification is Freshman
Prerequisites: BIO 101 [Min Grade: D] or BIO 104 [Min Grade: D] or BIO 109 [Min Grade: D] or BIO 141 [Min Grade: D] or BIO 123 [Min Grade: D] or BIO 124 [Min Grade: D]

BIO 262 Plant Biology II 4.0 Credits

In this course, students learn the structure and function of higher vascular plants as organisms. Plant development, growth and behavior are examined at both the molecular and structural levels to give a comprehensive view of the plant and its environment.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit
Restrictions: Cannot enroll if classification is Freshman
Prerequisites: BIO 260 [Min Grade: D]

BIO 264 Ethnobotany 3.0 Credits

This course explores the relation between ancient/cultural botanical knowledge and its current application in modern pharmacology and alternative forms of medicine. It provides an interdisciplinary approach to the study of plants for food, medicine, stimulation, religious rituals and death.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit

BIO 270 Development Biology 3.0 Credits

Covers molecular, cellular and physiological mechanisms underlying development of animals from gametes to adults. Covers the major stages and selected aspects of vertebrate development in importance animal model systems. Particular focus in on the importance of differential gene expression and its regulation in development.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit
Prerequisites: BIO 214 [Min Grade: D] and BIO 218 [Min Grade: D]

BIO 271 Developmental Biology Laboratory 2.0 Credits

Includes observations into development processes in a diverse group of organisms including developmental principles in simple multicellular protests, gametogenesis in diverse animal, fertilization in sea urchins, embryonic development of vertebrates, regeneration of planarians, and the role of gene regulation in fruit fly development. Some or all pre-requisites may be taken as either a pre-requisite or co-requisite. Please see the department for more information.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit
Prerequisites: BIO 270 [Min Grade: D] (Can be taken Concurrently)

BIO 284 Biology of Stress 3.0 Credits

This course focuses on the biological responses to the physical and psychological stress, discussing in turn stress responses in various organ systems. Emphasis is given to the analysis and evaluation of conflicting biological evidence on stress effects.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit
Restrictions: Cannot enroll if classification is Freshman
Prerequisites: BIO 100 [Min Grade: D] or BIO 101 [Min Grade: D] or BIO 107 [Min Grade: D] or BIO 109 [Min Grade: D] or BIO 122 [Min Grade: D] or BIO 141 [Min Grade: D]

BIO 306 Biochemistry Laboratory 2.0 Credits

Covers biochemical techniques ranging from basic laboratory preparatory work such as making solutions to the measurement of enzyme kinetics and substrate specificity.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit
Prerequisites: CHEM 242 [Min Grade: D]

BIO 310 Comparative Physiology 3.0 Credits

Provides comparative study of the physiology of vertebrate and invertebrate animals. Examines physiological principles by studying cardiovascular adaptations, water balance, respiratory adaptations, and other homeostatic mechanisms in model systems, including fish, amphibians, mammals, birds, and invertebrates.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit
Restrictions: Cannot enroll if classification is Freshman
Prerequisites: BIO 201 [Min Grade: D] or BIO 224 [Min Grade: D] or ENVS 284 [Min Grade: D]

BIO 311 Biochemistry 4.0 Credits

Covers bioenergetics and metabolism; enzymes, substrates, products, coenzymes, transporters, pathways (catabolic and anabolic for carbohydrates, lipids, amino acids, and nucleotides). Intracellular regulation, intercellular regulation, and how all this serves to meet the need of the cell and organism.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit
Prerequisites: CHEM 242 [Min Grade: D]

BIO 312 Genetically Modified Foods 2.0 Credits

Covers the application of recombinant DNA techniques in the creation of genetically modified foods. Explores the many uses of these food. Also covers the social, ethical and environmental issues involved in the use of genetically modified foods.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit
Prerequisites: BIO 100 [Min Grade: D] or BIO 107 [Min Grade: D] or BIO 122 [Min Grade: D] or BIO 141 [Min Grade: D]

BIO 313 Comparative Physiology Laboratory 2.0 Credits

Computational laboratory examining quantitative facets of vertebrate physiology through simulation experiments. Complements BIO 310 Comparative Physiology. Example systems examined include gas and solute exchangers, open vs closed circulations, and thermoregulatory controllers. Some or all pre-requisites may be taken as either a pre-requisite or co-requisite. Please see the department for more information.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit
Restrictions: Cannot enroll if classification is Freshman
Prerequisites: BIO 310 [Min Grade: D] (Can be taken Concurrently)

BIO 314 Pharmacology 3.0 Credits

In this course, students will apply their studies of chemistry and biology to understand how drugs: are designed, affect the body, and are affected by the body. Students can expect to learn the fundamentals of pharmacology, and to discuss current topics and novel approaches being used to design new therapeutics.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit
Restrictions: Cannot enroll if classification is Freshman
Prerequisites: BIO 218 [Min Grade: D]

BIO 318 Biology of Cancer 3.0 Credits

In this course, students will apply their studies of cell and molecular biology to understand cancer pathology. Starting with a fundamental knowledge of normal cellular processes, students will learn how normal processes go awry in tumor development and metastasis, and the current approaches being used to develop new cancer therapeutics.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit
Restrictions: Cannot enroll if classification is Freshman
Prerequisites: BIO 214 [Min Grade: D] and BIO 218 [Min Grade: D]

BIO 320 Microbial Pathogenesis 3.0 Credits

Covers mechanisms of pathogenesis in microbial disease: transmission, prevention, public health. Also covers molecular basis of microbial pathogenesis.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit
Restrictions: Cannot enroll if classification is Freshman
Prerequisites: BIO 218 [Min Grade: D] and BIO 221 [Min Grade: D]

BIO 322 Mycology 4.5 Credits

Covers morphology, taxonomy, and physiology of yeasts and molds, with emphasis on species of economic importance; plant and animal pathogens; industrial fermentations; toxin production; decomposition of organic materials; and fungal morphogenesis.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit
Restrictions: Cannot enroll if classification is Freshman
Prerequisites: BIO 221 [Min Grade: D]

BIO 331 Bioinformatics I 3.0 Credits

This course uses a combination of lecture and hands-on exercises to develop computational, algorithmic, and database navigation skills utilized in the analysis of genes and genomes. Topics include genomic databases, genome annotation, sequence alignment, metagenomic analyses, and phytogenetics.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit
Restrictions: Cannot enroll if classification is Freshman
Prerequisites: BIO 122 [Min Grade: D] or BIO 141 [Min Grade: D]

BIO 332 Bioinformatics II 3.0 Credits

This course continues the application of computational algorithms for manipulation and analysis of biological information covered in BIO 331 (Bioinformatics I). It covers genomic and proteome informatic approaches and applications for determining evolutionary relationships, discovery of protein structure/function relationships and bioengineering of proteins by molecular modeling by homology.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit
Prerequisites: BIO 331 [Min Grade: D]

BIO 333 Bioinformatics Laboratory 2.0 Credits

In this course, students develop and apply computational skills in bioinformatics to address a quarter-long research project. Topics generally focus on the ecology and evolution of microbes, which have become much easier to study thanks to the advent of molecular tools and software for the analysis of DNA sequences.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit
Restrictions: Cannot enroll if classification is Freshman
Prerequisites: BIO 122 [Min Grade: D] (Can be taken Concurrently) or BIO 141 [Min Grade: D]

BIO 346 Stem Cell Research 3.0 Credits

This course will focus on recent and important topics relevant to stem cell research and development. Topics will include nuclear reprogramming and epigenetics, environmental influences on stem cell differentiation, stem cells and cancer, stem-cell-based therapies for heart and neurodegenerative disorders, stem cells and ageing, and politics of stem cell research.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit
Restrictions: Cannot enroll if classification is Freshman
Prerequisites: BIO 218 [Min Grade: D]

BIO 368 Embryology 4.0 Credits

This course surveys general features of developing systems, and focuses on the developmental history of adult structures and functions in humans. Human developmental defects are also discusses.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit
Prerequisites: BIO 214 [Min Grade: D] or BIO 224 [Min Grade: D]

BIO 370 Teratology 3.0 Credits

This course will expand on the concepts of developmental biology by examining the agents that interfere with normal development. We will be exploring these agents through presentations and discussion of current peer reviewed literature. The focus will be on an understanding of mechanisms of action and how they are influenced by dose pharmacology and genetics.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit
Restrictions: Cannot enroll if classification is Freshman
Prerequisites: BIO 270 [Min Grade: D] or BIO 368 [Min Grade: D]

BIO 386 Gross Anatomy 3.0 Credits

This course is to give students an understanding of Human Anatomy in a clinical format. Anatomy will be studied in a regional manner with an emphasis placed on landmarks and relationships of structure within a region.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit
Restrictions: Can enroll if classification is Junior or Senior.
Prerequisites: BIO 214 [Min Grade: D] and BIO 218 [Min Grade: D]

BIO 387 Gross Anatomy Laboratory 2.0 Credits

This course is to accompany the Gross Anatomy lecture course and complements the students study of human anatomy by allowing the student to hone their dissection skills through dissection of a preserved mammalian specimen.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit
Restrictions: Can enroll if classification is Junior or Senior.
Prerequisites: BIO 214 [Min Grade: D] and BIO 218 [Min Grade: D]

BIO 404 Structure and Function of Biomolecules 4.0 Credits

Covers the weak interactions which govern structure and function of biomolecules, including amino acids, proteins (structural organization, isolation, and methods of analysis). Enzymes (structure, catalytic mechanisms, kinetics), lipids and biomembranes, and DNA and RNA folding.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit
Prerequisites: CHEM 242 [Min Grade: D]

BIO 406 Computational Biochemistry Laboratory 2.0 Credits

This course uses kinetic analysis of biochemical data to increase the computational and numerical sophistication used to build sound models of the underlying biological processes. Students start with Excel as the analytical tool. MATLAB is then used as the complexity of the problems demands it.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit
Prerequisites: CHEM 242 [Min Grade: D]

BIO 412 Biology of Aging 3.0 Credits

Discusses ageing at the organismal, organ, cellular, and molecular levels. Discussions include chronological verses biological aging, normal and abnormal human physiology of aging, current theories of aging, the effect of caloric restriction on aging, and the molecular mechanisms that underlie normal and abnormal aging.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit
Prerequisites: BIO 218 [Min Grade: D]

BIO 413 Genomics 3.0 Credits

This course aims to elucidate current technologies, theory, and applications of genomic research. Though a large emphasis will be placed on the use of genomic tools to study human health, we will also study the genomes, transcriptomes, and proteomes of bacteria, fungi, plants, and other animals.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit
Restrictions: Cannot enroll if classification is Freshman
Prerequisites: BIO 218 [Min Grade: D]

BIO 415 Proteins 3.0 Credits

Discusses protein structure, function, and isolation. Emphasizes biochemical, biophysical, and molecular biological techniques.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit
Prerequisites: BIO 214 [Min Grade: D]

BIO 416 Biochemistry of Major Diseases 3.0 Credits

This course focuses on the biochemical bases of several selected human disorders including neoplasm, cardiovascular disorders, diabetes and obesity. Biochemical changes ant their regulation by signaling pathways under the disease conditions will be examined. The relevance of diagnosis and treatment will be discussed.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit
Restrictions: Cannot enroll if classification is Freshman
Prerequisites: BIO 203 [Min Grade: C] or BIO 311 [Min Grade: C]

BIO 420 Virology 3.0 Credits

Discusses the major viral groups, including biochemistry and molecular genetics of viral replication, structure, gene expression, latency, and role in disease.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit
Restrictions: Cannot enroll if classification is Freshman
Prerequisites: BIO 218 [Min Grade: D]

BIO 421 Biomembranes 3.0 Credits

The experimental and theoretical basis for the structure and function of biological membranes will be surveyed. Topics include membrane self assembly, bilayer phase behavior and dynamics, membrane protein structure, passive and active transport, membrane fusion and trafficking.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit
Prerequisites: BIO 214 [Min Grade: D]

BIO 424 Microbial Physiology 3.0 Credits

Covers physiology and metabolism of microorganisms with emphasis on aspects unique to prokaryotes, including envelope structure, transport systems, modes of nutrition, biosynthesis, growth, and mechanisms of action of antibiotics.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit
Restrictions: Cannot enroll if classification is Freshman
Prerequisites: BIO 221 [Min Grade: D]

BIO 426 Immunology 3.0 Credits

Covers the fundamental concepts of innate and adaptive immunity, including the molecular and cellular mechanisms that generate responses to a broad spectrum of infectious threats, self-non-self recognition, immune regulation.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit
Restrictions: Cannot enroll if classification is Freshman
Prerequisites: BIO 214 [Min Grade: D]

BIO 427 Immunology Laboratory 2.0 Credits

Students will gain a more thorough understanding of the complexities of the mammalian immune system and will receive hands on experience with common models used in immunology labs. This course complements the Immunology lecture course (BIO 426). Some or all pre-requisites may be taken as either a pre-requisite or co-requisite. Please see the department for more information.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit
Restrictions: Cannot enroll if classification is Freshman
Prerequisites: BIO 426 [Min Grade: D] (Can be taken Concurrently)

BIO 430 Cell Biology of Disease 3.0 Credits

An introduction to the pathobiology of human disease as it relates to principles of cytoskeleton and membrane biology. The course reviews basic intracellular mechanisms and examines how they go awry in respiratory, heart and kidney diseases, diabetes, cancer, neurodegeneration and during viral and microbial infections.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit
Restrictions: Cannot enroll if classification is Freshman
Prerequisites: BIO 214 [Min Grade: D]

BIO 433 Advanced Cell Biology 3.0 Credits

Course covers chemical composition and cellular function of organelles and other cellular structures, intra- and inter- cellular regulatory processes, intercellular communication, genetic mechanisms and analytical techniques.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit
Restrictions: Can enroll if major is BIO.
Prerequisites: BIO 214 [Min Grade: D]

BIO 434 [WI] Advanced Cell Biology Laboratory 2.0 Credits

Course covers fundamentals of growth, division and homeostasis of mammalian cells grown in culture. Students perform experiments on cells to monitor cellular morphology, including subcellular structures and specific regulatory proteins. Techniques include fluorescent microscopy, cell transfection and subcellular fractionation. Some or all pre-requisites may be taken as either a pre-requisite or co-requisite. Please see the department for more information. This is a writing intensive course.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit
Restrictions: Can enroll if major is BIO and classification is Senior.
Prerequisites: BIO 433 [Min Grade: D] (Can be taken Concurrently)

BIO 435 Immunobiology of Disease 3.0 Credits

This course will expand on the concepts of molecular immunology focusing on emerging concepts in immunology research, immunopathologies, failure of host defense and current clinical concepts.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit
Restrictions: Cannot enroll if classification is Freshman
Prerequisites: BIO 426 [Min Grade: D]

BIO 442 Modeling Methods in Biology I 3.0 Credits

Offers practical experience in the modeling of simple biological systems, including the applications of linear, trigonometric, and exponential functions in biology and the use of differential and integral calculus, simple differential equations, and the Eulerian approach to simulation. Emphasizes practical computational use of such tools in biological problems. Offered in alternate years.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit
Restrictions: Cannot enroll if classification is Freshman

BIO 443 Modeling Methods in Biology II 3.0 Credits

Offers a practical introduction to the modeling of dynamic biological processes, including deterministic and stochastic processes. Emphasizes the development and construction of working models and the interpretation of results. Discusses both mechanistic and empirical/predictive models. Students develop their own model of a real-world biological process. Offered in alternate years.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit
Restrictions: Cannot enroll if classification is Freshman
Prerequisites: BIO 442 [Min Grade: D]

BIO 444 Human Genetics 3.0 Credits

Covers the fundamentals and principles of genetics with an emphasis on their relevance to human genetics and disease. Topics include human genetic disorders, pedigree analysis and genetic testing, cytogenetics, epigenetics, genetics if cancer, gene therapy, stem cell research, human genomics and biotechnology.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit
Prerequisites: BIO 218 [Min Grade: D]

BIO 445 Microbial Genetics 3.0 Credits

Covers genetic organization and regulation in bacteriophage and bacteria, techniques of genetic manipulation of microbial genomes, genetic interactions of microbes under natural conditions and the use of microbial genome modification in industry.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit
Restrictions: Cannot enroll if classification is Freshman
Prerequisites: BIO 218 [Min Grade: D] and BIO 221 [Min Grade: D]

BIO 447 Advanced Genetics and Molecular Biology 3.0 Credits

Covers classical prokaryotic and eukaryotic genetics; DNA/RNA structure; DNA replication, transcription, translation and regulation of these processes. Also covers major molecular techniques used for characterizing prokaryotic and eukaryotic genes, tools for analysis of genomes, and applications of molecular genetics research.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit
Restrictions: Can enroll if major is BIO.
Cannot enroll if classification is Freshman
Prerequisites: BIO 218 [Min Grade: D] and BIO 244 [Min Grade: D]

BIO 449 Recombinant DNA Laboratory 5.0 Credits

Covers procedures of DNA isolation and purification, insertion of DNA sequences into plasmid cloning vectors, introduction of plasmids into appropriate host cells, and methods of recovering and analyzing cloned DNA.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit
Restrictions: Cannot enroll if classification is Freshman
Prerequisites: BIO 218 [Min Grade: D]

BIO 451 Genetic Reg Development 3.0 Credits

Covers molecular and genetic control of morphogenesis and cellular differentiation. Focuses on differential gene function and the interaction between the nucleus and the cytoplasm.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit
Restrictions: Cannot enroll if classification is Freshman
Prerequisites: BIO 270 [Min Grade: D]

BIO 462 Biology of Neuron Function 3.0 Credits

Covers molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying neuron function. Topics include: molecular and cellular biology of neurons and neural development; molecular biology and physiology of sensory and motor neurons; molecular biology of muscle function; molecular and cellular basis of learning and memory in model organisms.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit
Prerequisites: BIO 201 [Min Grade: D] or BIO 218 [Min Grade: D]

BIO 463 Molecular Mechanisms of Neurodegeneration 3.0 Credits

This is an advanced course on the current, primary literature in the area of neurodegeneration. Students are expected to be conversant in areas of Genetics, Cell Biology, Molecular Biology, Biochemistry, and Neurobiology. This is a discussion course based on reading current manuscripts from the primary literature. Some or all pre-requisites may be taken as either a pre-requisite or co-requisite. Please see the department for more information.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit
Prerequisites: BIO 214 [Min Grade: D]

BIO 465 Neurobiology of Disease 3.0 Credits

The objective of the course is to provide a basic understanding of molecular and cellular biology of disorders of the human nervous system. Advances developed form experimental models that have armed clinicians and basic scientists with new tools for diagnosis and treatment of disease and injury will be presented.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit
Restrictions: Cannot enroll if classification is Freshman
Prerequisites: BIO 214 [Min Grade: D] and BIO 218 [Min Grade: D] and BIO 462 [Min Grade: D]

BIO 466 Endocrinology 4.0 Credits

Describes the classical hormones, their regulation and major clinical abnormalities. New directions in endocrinology, such as cellular regulation and cellular mediators of hormonal action are also considered. The major focus of the course will be on mammals, although some examples involving other vertebrates are included.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit
Prerequisites: BIO 100 [Min Grade: D] or BIO 107 [Min Grade: D] or BIO 122 [Min Grade: D] or BIO 141 [Min Grade: D]

BIO 471 Seminar in Biological Sciences 2.0 Credits

Discusses and evaluates selected current topics in bioscience and biotechnology. Includes presentations by outside speakers.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Can be repeated multiple times for credit
Restrictions: Can enroll if major is BIO and classification is Senior.

BIO 472 Seminar in Biological Sciences 2.0 Credits

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Can be repeated multiple times for credit
Restrictions: Can enroll if major is BIO and classification is Senior.
Prerequisites: BIO 471 [Min Grade: D]

BIO 473 [WI] Seminar in Biological Sciences 2.0 Credits

This is a writing intensive course.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Not repeatable for credit
Restrictions: Can enroll if major is BIO and classification is Senior.
Prerequisites: BIO 472 [Min Grade: D]

BIO 480 Special Studies Biological Science 12.0 Credits

Covers special topics offered in biology. Current offerings include Biotechnology, Biology of Cancer, Ethnobiology, Neurobiology, and Bioinformatics, as well as other selected topics of interest in molecular biology, genetics, and biotechnology.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Can be repeated multiple times for credit

BIO 497 Research 0.5-12.0 Credits

Provides guided research in biology, molecular biology, microbiology, cell or human physiology, genetics, biochemistry, or biotechnology.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Can be repeated multiple times for credit
Restrictions: Cannot enroll if classification is Freshman

BIO 498 Independent Study 0.5-12.0 Credits

Provides independent study in biology, molecular biology, microbiology, cell or human physiology, genetics, biochemistry, or biotechnology.

College/Department: College of Arts and Sciences
Repeat Status: Can be repeated multiple times for credit
Restrictions: Cannot enroll if classification is Freshman